The URL can be used to link to this page

263177 WHI7E — CITY CLERK �C��,�� PIN� — F�INANCE COL111C11 U BIaUERV�}v1AYORTMENT GITY OF SAINT PALTL File NO. Council esolution Presented By � ; Referred To Committee: Date Out of Committee By Date RESOLVED� That the Council of the .City of Saint Paul warmly welcomes Mr. John Mamman Garba, Nigerian Ambassador to the United States , and extends to him the hospitality of our City for a pleasant and enjoyable visit to our community. �• � � ,.��,� COUNCILMEN Yeas Nays Requested by Department of: � Butler Konopatzki [n Favor Levine � �� Against By Tedesco � _ � �I�R 1 197� Fo Approved y C' tt ney A�t�c��$y��: �� c Certifi Pas d by Coun ' e � B B , Appro Mayo : D � Approved by Mayor for Submission to Counc By BY . PUBLtSHED MA 9�4 � � ��t � �� 1 . ��`1 � Biographical Sketch John Mamman Garba (GAR-bah) Nigeria John Mamrnan Garba was born in Maiduguri, Nigeria on September 25, 1918. Received his Secondary and Technical training in PJigeria, and received degree in Economics fran London School in 1950. Mr. Garba joined the Foreign Service in 1957. Served in London, Ottawa, Paris, Khartoum, Washington and Rome (Ambassador) . Has served as Charge and Minister Counselor in Washington 1960-61. Execu- tive Director of IBRD 1963-66. Ambassador Garba is married and has six children. President Nixon received Ambassador Garba's credentials on September 7, 1972. The country of Nigeria is large. With a population estimated at more than 60 million. - Nigeria is rich. Her abundant natural resources include the most timely one of all , Oil . The nation now stands eighth among the world's oil pro- ducers and, after Canada, is the largest supplier of crude oil to the United States. `.' � �� . _ � J�.a►��da:i� . ,,.:'L��•'�µ� ��: S:iiTl� .ti1oC::d W'.:S �id5:lil2Q IOI d ' � roia of p:eeminence in Africa and ia- �L�''f""" fiuence beyond that continent—if oniy she could hold together as a nation. ^ ;r� � �;? a 9 Yakubu Gowon's leadership has thus far �?. r��q� c�a � �, � \ �� '�!.:� ' '� � �� , `� � � met that imperative, opening the way � �� ,�y�.:v _�.I� �. � � for:�ioeria's preeminent role, which was ---T � . T,.�.,.� ...,�,.�....� ( �'j„`�� T� y recognized this year in his election as �� '' 1,�,�j� ,�� ''•� � l�j V V i� �.'�y'�,..1 �y� OAU chairman. �+ . J��e� fi�ae ��t ��a�;P�^ `g➢ �¢ �G'A'.��:i1�11 �ipVJ�DIl' EXPECTATIONS WeCC t11gI], at home and � abroad, when Nigeria achieved inde- �YG OIICG'-1�1V1�G�Q� I2��Q� I5 pendence in 1960. Peopl� said she was . a "model of democracy" and a country ��:g a pr�e��a# ro?e i� 1�frieam �ff�rs. whose astonishing diversity and ethnic differences could be accommodated in a workable federal system. Tney did not by jean �i6TS�COV1tS hib;:er than those for South Africa—a understand Nigeria's complexities, and development that could have profound the new nation's image was steadily �or most Americans the name Niberia effects on U.S, southern African policy. eroded—by flagrant corruption, spo- � evo'ses on:y tne imabe of a bloody �In the African context, Nigeria is radic violence, a general strike, r.gged civ;l wcir fought a few years back. They powertul. Her army of more than 200,- elections, and two dubious adventii;es in may recall that tt�.e I�iaeri�a govern- 000, mobilized to crush secession, is the taking a crvcial nationa'. census. A meat w�s ac;.used—by, among others, biggest by far in biack Africa—four bloody army coup overthrew the consti- candidate Nixon in 1968—of genocide times fhe size of the next largest, that of tutional government in Ianua.y 1956; against secessioaist Biafra. When the Zaire. Is leaders are men trair.ed at a second coup, engineered by a different shooting stopped, I�igeria quickly Sandhurst and Fort Benning, tested not set of officers, followed in July. dropped oat of public coasciousness;few only in the war against Biafra but a3so in Thrust forward into the exposed posi- even discovered that nothing approach- U.N. operations in the Belgian Congo, tion �of leadership by these cataclysmic ing genocida had taken place. Yet ;vigeria is important—not only • for Africa but aLso for the resL of the k world, including the United States. Her ( civiI war has now been over longer than t . ii Ias:ed,aad her importance comes from � streng:hs thaL have little to do with it. � • ' Decisiv� in tt:e change has been tbe � ycuno nan who held the country to- k __ . gether durin� tnirty months of bitter + , �'� -•- � strife and has o ided it through four C ! � post-war yeais of reunificZtion and re- � ! � , conci;ia:ion: Gen.Yakubu Gowon.head =.t ��` •-- of the federa; military government and , �=-'--- ---✓ °: � curren:ly c�airrsan of the forty-iwo- <� � ,y.-�" _. - '` , �= ��``� � �-- F � � � aatioc Organization of African Unity �,,.,_--�`= - ,''' �- � , , ' E ' . (OAU). � � � -� � � �� ",�'�,�`� � �� ._ . . 1�_ r - _\ , I�'igeriz is la:;e.With a populat:o� � - � ,' , y -� `/, ��`- :. •,� � � � timat,;d x: :r.ore �an 60 �i:i:a�, .. - :�, � ' , � 'cas mcr;, people ihan France aad more � . �, �,,,,,^r; �, `�°' than twic,,as many as aay o:he:cauntry E , � . in Afr:ca. � � ` : ; Nig�ria is r'c�. Her abundant natural ` ;�.=.�-----.�: f -;,,<-- `� -�; r:sou:ces:ncluda the most timely one of �� '�_�.,, ; ; ,� � � r =` ��;; i all, cil. The nation aow stands eighth £ ' � " � - �, { � , "` among ttie world's oil producers and, ' - } � �a f� ��- � ' after Ca�ada, is the Iargest supplier of ...a._ '� ' r,' �; - r I `l+ `� crude o1 to ihe Uniied Siates. Indeed, ` ., � { �:�- :! . � � wi,hin a ye,r, American trade and in- ' �� vest�en: ;�,.res for Nigeris will be � '� .._._� �� , �`� lenn Yers„ovits has wri:ren extensively � � �` {( r� ,`I c5ous ffric:r. cLairs. She teaches African �-- . - his.ory c:ti:e S.cte Unive�sity of New York Photoroporcers Iaa "��"�"' "" " ""'""""' °t P`�rrha�,'• Gowon at Polo Match—"Leading Nigeria to uniry cnd the promise o}stability." 24 . 2/9/74•SR/World . � . . , - . �_----'_- - ` � ,�--�' """' _--..�, • 1 70Y �.^.V0 SC�:� 2 :..:::li:, bC0'ri'::�.l OC�weive-state anaaae- ' " ! �'"' reconcili��:oa aad re- _.r.�ent coatributes to it as well. Each of ��~_� cons�-vct;on uapa:- the twelve capitals :s a cente: far devel- '�i, , ;; a.Ieled in this cen- opment; the competitioa among them is �� ,-; .jt`� tury's civil stri:e. its own stimulus. With a share in the �� r � ever-rising oil revenues (last year some ___,�\ Gowox's Fms�r ma- �1.5 billion, up from $475 million in �.� jor po?itica: step, the 1969), each state now has the resources - � = �� creation of twe!ve o:each of the four former regions. ":'ou �' j� " � _ � •',, -, � states in May 1967, caa develop a lot everywhere with that ` ` ' ; •', ` � ` °. was all but eclipsed money," an official said. The "every- �1+�, `- _ . , � by Biafra's declara- where"is new.A drive throudh the coun- � ' .�. �r�'-� � � �. . , •.� i � :• .��.; `a; y ;r .;� ,• � tion of secession jast try now shows stunning changes—tarred � � �. , • ' " �' � i, �, �`, , � .,,1 � afterward. But in the roads,piped water, dams, factories, gov- ' {' ` ' ' ' long view, the crea- e:n.ment of:ices, not to mentioa new , � ]"� 1t�� ./'�, . �- " ��,c�`�r�`-,r�.� r1 i� tion of those states schools, hospitals, even universities. � �-r ,�� s> s.�r o .r-- �; ,- � � � , E mzy be more impor- Of course, serious problems persist ia �. '� � `'"' .� :,1 tant than the war it- this complex country. Gowor.'s govern- ' i-•�'�,~ ` �r'�� ' �� "`�';� �' self, for in them, Ni- ment is in a hurry to accomplis� all it � `'- ( � gerians say, lies their can before he steps aside in favor of , � � ^_:___-- ; hope for stability. popularly elected civilians, as he has � i,, :: �� ; .1 ` t`� � / � . � It was character- p:omised to do in 1976.Nigerians do not : � =� .�.. , . �� ^ fi j istic of Gener:;l find much to criticize ia their head of ti �' .'• �' �- – f,� : '' ;j Gowon to tell me re- state, but when they do, they fasten on Y%'Y " - – � ' �`�=' ` j cently, "Of course, I qualities many would regard as virtues. u' • . � ' ! � � ' am no political sci- He is too deliberate: Why don't prot- • � } f � entist,° but his cre- lems—unemployment, military rule—go << � ' � ``. , � : ''�' ation of the states away faster?He is too meticulous: Why � � � �-- � showed a keen un- does he insist on proof before punishino ` . : ' � ._ � . . •,; i � -._ derstanding of what alleged corruption? He is naive: Why _ _.�_ . _ : � .�... _� �._- ._. l. �� politics is about in a does he think he can move entrenched ":�:von r�ith Ethiopia's Haile Selassie—"self-arsurance with- Nigeria that has al- interests by rational argument? .;rro;ance . , . a style very di$erent from Nkrumah's." �,�,ays been very po- Those same critics concede that Ni- - litical.He has little of• geria has suffered from haste in the past; the flamboyant style they also concede that Gowon cannot be events was then–Lieutenant Colonel of African politicians. He doesn't even all that naTve, having survived in office Gowon, not yet thirty-two. Sandhurst- like politics,particularly the kind Nigeria despite extraordinary political cross- trained, respected by his fellows, he had saw after independence. - currents. But millions of Nigerians in confined his ambitions to the army, and Politics then was full of ethnic and low places worry about the issue on he was unknown outside its confines. In geographical problems that compounded which he himself piaces high priority: that time of smoldering hatreds and the difficulties inherent in such ill-fitting "eradication of corruption in our na- senseless ki!lin�s, in a country sliding institutions as Uhe regional federal struc- tional life."They know he himself is in- inexorabiy toward the civil war that ture. The thre� and later four-unit fed- corroptible, but they say that is not would brea!: oui in July 1967, Gowon's eration was inappropriate for dealing enough; he should deal harshly with his prospects fo: mere physical survival with people from some three hundred subordinates who take what Nigerians seemed blezk. � ethnic groups. Each of the three largest call"their 10 percent off the top:' Seven-and-z-ha� years later, Gowon groups—Yoruba, Ibo, Hausa-Fulani— Further, although Gowon's reconcili- is stil: head of state, admired and re- feared that two would gang up against ation policy has had strikino results (that spec.ted t�rou�hout the country and, one.The rest of the groups�alled"mi- the city of Kano,where Ibo were slaugh- , now, ou:side it. Ii he was not able to norities," though they are, taken to- tered in 1966, has an Ibo chief of police p:event a c:vil war whose fundamental gether, some 50 percent of the popula- is a revealing example), there is one � causes we:e rooted in the past, he has tion—feared dominatioa by the three glaring flaw: Approximately 30 former led Nigeria through it to unity and the giants. Creating twelve states reduced Nigerian army officers are sull in jail, promise of stability, without which a the intensity of those problems and although 113 others who fought for wider ro:e would be impossible. thereby quieted the fears. If people Biafra never have been. Some of the That is little short of a miracle to still senabble about boundaries and thirty jook part in the January 1966 I�igerians, who disagree about many states, "that is inevitable and healthy," coup; others, in the 1967 Biafran in- tnings but ove:whelmingly agree about the foreign minister explains, addin„ in vasion of Nioeria's midwestern state. Gowoa. Some phrase their feeling as a semantically puzzling but very Niger- Those are the deeds hardest for Gowon `ba: ;;�a� 000d luck." Praise comes ian statement, "It is Nigeria's dynamic to forgive,but the country is now'strong even :ror.z Ioo who fought abainst him equilibrium." enough to make amnesty total. ;or Bia:rzn s�cession and who now credit Gowon's second lono range �oal for The man who has to deal finally with him wit� their jobs and their very lives. I`'igeria, in tandem with stability, is eco- all the problems is siill young,just thirty- S:Z/World• 2/9/74 15 � r------- _ — --._ - _ -- - — �— � .. • � c� „ - •. - ii��pite ::.o,e :i;:.�: a �ecade o: westezn ,._. - ��-� il:::�. ±�iS u:.:i::i:�is r..:::«ry, wc�.i�er i:l ly$t�Gll Q�`�lli�uS�ll:p V�,.�.: A:rica:. i::dependence from colonial i::�:fcrrs or, as c� o`ten is, in one farm Ai::ca's white rulers, rule, t�e region's European-drawn boun- or ar.otl:er of Niberian nationzl dress. Gawan said, `��Will S'�'c�� 'et h:, is rela�:ed and witty, and 'aa is cia:.es—however irrational t;ey aze— 'r.andsom�, too. (My Ibo driver, asked little blood if we must.' " have resisted change.If these boundaries why we wcre going more slowly t�an do �ve way, the new configurations will usual Lhtough Gowon's village, ex- probably be built around Nigeria, with plained, "I want to see if they are all as different from L'iat of Ghana's Kwame her proven ability to unite dispara.e beautitul as the head of state.") His Nkrumah, whose flaming ideoIogical groups in a federal relationship. voice has more confidence than it once pronouncements in the Sixties inspired White-minority rute is, of course, did, but he still does not incrude his some Africans but �cared more. "Afri- Africa's overriding political issue. Sup- presence upon groups or individuals. cans aze easily frightened," an East port for the liberation movements—all When he visited I�ew York City last Oc- African diplomat told me recently. but one of them are in southern Africa— tober,he delivered all his speeches�ave "Many people on our continent are very is easy. It is the cause that keeps black the one given to ihe U.N. General As- conservative," he said, explainino how Africa together. But Nigeria has unique sembty—without texts.He answers ques- attractive they find Nigeria's seif-assur- possibilities and therefore, some say, tions easily, franl:ly when he thinks he ance without arrogance. unique responsibilities. She has already can, diplomaticalIy when he must, al- Nioeria's priorities at home are her made large contributions in money and ways at length. priorities for Africa: stability and tech- materiel ar:d has trained civilian person- Gowon doesn't like descriptions of nological advancements that will lead to nel who can serve in liberated areas. externals, even when they are true: °I growth. Parado�cically, surviving her Nigeria has a 200,000-man army, oojec2 io your saying I am a `Christian civil war has strengthened ;�igeria's in- huge by black African standards, and from a northern minorities area.'" His fluence in Africa. It is not just that one quarter of it has seen combat. Tne tone was fi:m despite his smile, and he Africans worry about balkanization and army's simple existence may give heart added, "I want to be judged not by who that Nigeria was able to remain one to freedom fighters and pause to those I am but by wnat I do:' The extemals country.More important to Africans,be- they fight. As African armies go, it is originaily made him acceptable to Ni- yond even the post-war magnanimity modern, though not ultra-modern, for gerians under their old poliucal juggling. they admire, is their awareness that Ni- Gowon has not indulged in costly re- But now his appeal is different. They gerians know what it is to have very equipping. There are :v1IGs left over � like his style—low-key and pragmatic, serious problems, from the civil war, and there are British without airs, and strikingly civilian. General Gowon initiated his new for- tanks, as well as other conventional They also like much of what he does. eign policy with state visits to Nigeria's weapons. Recently he announced plans to spend neighbors, visits that were important on Nigeria does not now have specific $750 million on workers' housing dur- a conunent where personal contacts mat- plans for deptoying those tr.00ps.Gowon ing the next three years—an astonishing ter. Action followed diplomatic cordial- would prefer a different script. As he amount in a developin� country. "Imag- ity. Nigeria has given Dahomey, her told the United Nations in October,"No- iae thzt from a man who is not ideologi- neighbor to the west, a S3 million inter- body in Africa wishes to adopt the path cal," remarked one of the state gover- est-free loan and is building a road con- of armed struggle . . . for the love of it." nors. In facT, Gowon expresses Nigerian necting Lagos and Porto Novo. She has But with growing white-minority intran- � pragmatism, and part of his popularity built another road to—and will share sigence, Gowon and the OAU find it � comes from the people's delight in seeing electricity with—Niger, her neighbor to increasingly hard to maintain that view. Ia pragmatist tacl:ling real problems. the north.Nigeria and Togo are drawing Asked recently about a possible hola iup plans to start a westem African caust to oust South Africa's white rulers, I Iz is ror SLTF.PRISING that, only four cpmmon market. Recently the Nigerian he replied,"We will shed a little blood if i yea:s afte: the end of the civil war, govemment gave $3.75 million to we must." He tumed aside more ques- Gowon still devotes most of his time and drought-stricken Sahelian countries to tions with a wry smile and his own ques- eneroy to making Nioeria viable.That is the north, despite the fact that her own fion: "Do you expect an army man to one reason why he has not been issuing northern states have been hard hit by reveal his strategic plans?" But no one grandiose statements about African drought.None of that is glamorous,but, should make C. O. Ojukwu's miscalcu- problems; pzrsonal style is the other. unlike rhetoric, it is real. Such actions lation: "I know Jack, and Jack won't Now, with internal consolidation well not only build up Nigeria's credit with fight," the Biafran leader said, using unde: way, he and his foreign minister, her neighbors but also underscore her Gowon's nickname. Dr. Okoi Arikpo, have begun work on relative wealth and importance in black the st:ong, independent foreign policy Africa. MEANWHILE NIGERIA WORKS 3Ci1VC1}/fOr that Niger:a's size and resources justify. These actions undermine the most ob- the cause of African liberation. In 1970 Tl:ey are moving outward in concentric vious of Africa's neo-colonialisms—that Gowon declared that it was vital for all circles,startina with Nigeria's neighbors, of France, �rhich once ruled all those liberation movements that one succeed quietly dea:ing with matters of interest neighbors. Nigerians relish that "fact, within three years. 'Ttte timetable was to tne whole continent, from white-mi- convinced as they are that France hoped new, and so was his naming Guinea no::ty ru:e to neo-colonial influence to to destroy their country through its near- Bissau'as the place. On September 24, economic cooperation. official support of Biafra. 1973, Guinea Bissau proclaimed its in- Quiet, however, is the key, with the Nigeria's strength in black Africa, dependence from Portugal, its ruling proEle kept low. Gowon's style is very then, is political as well as economic.- party (the PAIGC) claiming conuol 16 , 2/9/74• SR/Wozld ; � . � . I . � . i i . i . . � ' ----- __ – -- — — _ _ � :,r , . - (• _ . ,_ . � i �- � . . --- ._ � . �� o��.:: yJ per:.ent o: ;t; land. "I ju:,. :::.,:.0 .;cr. �;o�:� r:c� Lave dea:t in ur.;.�.:�c;:: ..�� a�iow Earope to perpeiaate the eca :t," r�r..a:tied GOWO:. wGOUi his p:edic- nhcdesian ch;orne whea to ::o so was .-�o;,.:c rela��onship of colonial days:' �;on, wa;c:� nad been �elped along by to irri.zte Nigeria with her :.ceded oil. Niberia's attitudes toward countries �ir�:iun aid. "34t how much wi:i Ni- Although it has not been terrin:y ef- outside Africa rest largely on two con- ger;a 'r.zip now?" a southern African fective in iu ten-year existence,the OAU siderations: the country's stand on the as:s. ":hat'� where the test of her ef- is sym�o:ically important. Its chairman- Nigerian civil war and its current pol:cy iectiver.ess with the l;beration move- ship is the oreatest honor Africa confers, on African liberation from whit�minor- mer.ts wi:i come." ihen, after a pause: and General Gowon's election to it is ity rule. Bacause the Russians did sell ";�: cosrse ifs the PAiGC who will de- an Af:ican state�ent about I�:ger;a's hetori�alvsupport od 1 beration)owhile .� ��;.;,t they want.' the United States refused to sell her arms 'i:.is liae fits tiigeriaa strategy: Act only in response to specific requests. << Fortunately Gowon is not (and stiu violates the Rhodesian boy- Gowon commits the country publicly to cott),some observers worry about Soviet easil i ued or Nixon being o:whatever assistance she can and y P q ' influence in Lagos. That is simplistic mi ht be asking us to cold-war thinkin$• Nigeria cannot be specifies money, adminisuative person- g nel, and mzteriel: "We will help, within lower our thermostats bought for one ideological camp or ar.- our means."The means aren't unlunited, still further." other. If Americans find coolness fror.i but they are oreater than anyone else's Nigeria—despite ihe admiration many in black Africa. Nigerians, including General Gowon, stre�gth. No one at the end of the civil have for much that we do at home—that AT THE U\ITED NATIONS, Gowon again war thought such recognition could is not because of the Russians. It is be- er.dorsed t::e OAU resolution asking that come so soon. It is a tribute to Gowon cause the Nigerians felt betrayed by un- all na:ions "extend to the liberation for what he has done,includina his taking questionino Amezican public accepta.r.ce movements, and to the millions of Afri- the lead in Nigeria's ea:iy resumption of of Biafran propaganda and because they cans under severe oppression and ex- amicable reIations with the four OAU resent U.S. coziness with Po:tuaal and ploitation, such material assistance as countries that recognized Biafra (Tan- the white regimes of southern Africa. wou?d ensure fulfillment to the African zania, Zambia, Ivory Coast, Gabon). In a wonderfully satiricat little book � ��:es o: the promise held out by the The $750,000 Nigeria sent to help Zam- called How To Be a Nigerian, Peter �r o: the United Nations." The bia after the closing of the Zambian- Enahoro writes, "Next to God, there is , �'Vestera powers will not willingly Rhodesian border showed the depth of nothing that fills the heart of a Nigerian answer that call,but economic facts may her African reconciliation. with greater awe than a chairman:' The force them to do so. Nigeria is the Gowon has impressed African leaders bit of truth in that raises Nigerians' re- second largest supplier of crude oil (al- in small, personal ways, too. For exam- spect for Gowon,"their"OAU chairman. most aIl of it snlfur-free) to the United ple, on a centinent that respects age, it' Yet Nigeria herself remains Gowon's States, whose:mports of it have doubled matters to older heads of state that when highest priority, "The most important in the past year. Americans do not yet they seek interviews with him, he comes thing we can do for Africa now is to � see the implications of that. President to them.As OAU chairman, Gowon has build a strong economy," a federal civil Nixon made that perfectly clear last Oc- been mediating, with unusual success, servant says, echoing Gowon's views. tober when the White House canceled, conflicts between Ethiopia and Somalia Along with the other members of OPEC rescheduled, and recanceled his appoint- and between Tanzania and Burundi. It (Organization of Petroleum Exporting ments with General Gowon until finally is most startling to see him handling a Countries), Nigeria has almost qua- the Niger:ans had had enough. Fortu- dispute between French-speaking nations drupled her oil prices, which may raise nately Gowon is not easily piqued; —Senegal ar.d the Ivory Coast on one her oil income to more than �7 billion otY:erwise Nixon might be asking us to side and Guinea on the other. His in- this year. She will not join the Arab lower our thermostats still further. fluence is surely enhanced by his style states' boycott and cut supplies, nor will Gowori s state visit to England last and his understanding of the way Afri- she step up production beyond its normal June and tne deference the British paid cans work, an understanding illustrated increase to take up their slack. But none him showed aa awareness of Nigeria's by his having sent his own plane to shut- of that means that Nigeria will never economic importance not yet evident in tle negotiators back and forth betwezn play oil politics, for she is the one coun- Wash:ngton. As an ambassador to the sessions. try in black Africa that can hope to have United Nations told me, "They haven't a strong economy in the near future. worried µbout Afr:can wrath before,but NIGERIA xns EXERCISED an important .Under Nigeria's"military democracy," now it means the wrath of Nigeria. She measure of leadership vis-a-vis the Eu- as he likes to call it, General Gowon's can use her arowing influence in some ropean Common Market. It has united leadership seems secure at least until Western quar�ers to get support, or at black Africa and the Caribbean states 1976, the scheduled date for the return least neutrality, on southern African (an achievement scarcely imaginable be- to civilian rule. Many of his countrymen [black iiberation] matters." fore their trade ministers met in Lagas hope that he—perhaps as a civilian will "I do not believe in economic black- last July) so that now, led by Nigeria's continue to hold office beyond that date. mail," Gowoa declares.But Africans say commissioner for trade, they are nego- This is not impossible, for his commit- the main reason why the British do not tiating as one with the EEC. They will ment to Nigeria's success seems to be give in compietely to the Smith regime not accept existing terms of association, all-consuming."If we fail,"he once said, , :n southern Rhodesia is fear of Ivigerian designed to keep them supgliers of pri- "the whole of Africa and the black race reprisals. A wise Anerican administra- mary products. Gowon says, "We must will not forgive us:' � SC�'�� . ,,,4 17 � � � � .; . .. WHITE — CITV CLERK � � C011i1C11 _p��"M �� PINK — FINANCE � GITY OF SAINT PALTL 1 a� CANARY — DEPARTMENT �� ! 0 8'_UE — MAVOR �� Fll@ NO. Council esolution � ;, . � �-, : . � � ; . Presented By "� �+ �� _ „ Referred To Committee: Date Out of Committee By Date RESOLVET3, Th�t the Council oY the City ot S�int Paul warmly weleomes Mr. John ,i�iaa�man Garba, Nigerian Ambasgadar to tbe United States, and e�te�ds to him the 6aspitality of our City fc�r a pieasant and enjoyable visft to our co�munity. COULVCILMEN Yeas Nays Requested by Department of: I-t�1�x BQt 1 @�' Konopatzki y In Favor Levine ��' _� Against By �� edesco� w � _ --- .. c .➢tz Yira Pr deat � �k-R Focm Approved �y City Attorney !�d-opCeci-by .�'ouncil: ate 1 ��4 .�,..- r � - �,,._. ' Certifi Pas d by Coun ' e B3�'� ��` ' By \� � ,..� Approved by Mayor: Date �A� 4 ��7`�' Approved by Mayor for Submission to Council By BY